Kia Picanto: Body Electrical System / Immobilizer System
Schematic diagrams
Description and operation
The
immobilizer system will disable the vehicle unless the proper ignition
key is used, in addition to the currently available anti-theft systems
such as car alarms, the immobilizer system aims to drastically reduce
the rate of auto theft.
1. | Transponder (TP) – IMMO ECU Communication
TP Read Protocol
(1) | IMMO_ECU after IGN on(or CPU Reset cancellation) is sent Challenge to TP and confirmed Serial Number and Signature. |
(2) | When response of input transponder is not correct, input is retry. |
(3) | When
response of input transponder is correct, The data that calculate
Encryption operation in the EEPROM program compared with received data
from TP. When Codes is same, input is finished. If the codes are not same, input are continued until when codes are same. |
(4) | If IMMO_ECU EEPROM code is not programming, when correct transponder is inputted (CRC Check OK), input is finished. |
(5) | After IGN1 on(CPU Reset cancellation), IMMO_ECU is reading the maximum 5times Transponder Code |
(6) | In the IGN1 ON&EMS_state=Lock state, when received ANKNOWLEDGE, TP is re-authenticated
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2. | Transponder / IMMO ECU / EMS authentication
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PCM (Power Train Control Module)
1. | The
PCM(ECM) (A) carries out a check of the ignition key using a special
encryption algorithm, which is programmed into the transponder as well
as the PCM(ECM) simultaneously. Only if the results are equal, the
engine can be started. The data of all transponders, which are valid for
the vehicle, are stored in the PCM(ECM). ERN (Encrypted
Randorm Number) value between EMS and encrypted smartra unit is checked
and the validity of coded key is decided by EMS.
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ENCRYPTED IMMOBILIZER unit (A)
The
IMMOBILIZER carries out communication with the built-in transponder in
the ignition key. This wireless communication runs on RF (Radio
frequency of 125 kHz). The IMMOBILIZER is mounted behind of the crash
pad close to center cross bar.
The
RF signal from the transponder, received by the antenna coil, is
converted into messages for serial communication by the IMMOBILIZER
device. And, the received messages from the PCM(ECM) are converted into
an RF signal, which is transmitted to the transponder by the antenna.
The
IMMOBILIZER does not carry out the validity check of the transponder or
the calculation of encryption algorithm. This device is only an
advanced interface, which converts the RF data flow of the transponder
into serial communication to the PCM(ECM) and vice versa.
TRANSPONDER (Built-in keys)
The
transponder has an advanced encryption algorithm. During the key
teaching procedure, the transponder will be programmed with vehicle
specific data. The vehicle specific data are written into the
transponder memory. The write procedure is once only; therefore, the
contents of the transponder can never be modified or changed.
Antenna Coil
The antenna coil (A) has the following functions.
–
| The antenna coil supplies energy to the transponder. |
–
| The antenna coil receives signal from the transponder. |
–
| The antenna coil sends transponder signal to the IMMOBILIZER. It is located directly in front of the steering handle lock. |
Repair procedures
1. | Key Teaching Procedure Key teaching must be done after replacing a defective PCM(ECM) or when providing additional keys to the vehicle owner. The
procedure starts with an PCM(ECM) request for vehicle specific data
(PIN code: 6digits) from the tester. The "virgin" PCM(ECM) stores the
vehicle specific data and the key teaching can be started. The "learnt"
PCM(ECM) compares the vehicle specific data from the tester with the
stored data. If the data are correct, the teaching can proceed. If
incorrect vehicle specific data have been sent to the PCM(ECM) three
times, the PCM(ECM) will reject the request of key teaching for one
hour. This time cannot be reduced by disconnecting the battery or any
other manipulation. After reconnecting the battery, the timer starts
again for one hour. The key teaching is done by
ignition on with the key and additional tester commands. The PCM(ECM)
stores the relevant data in the EEPROM and in the transponder. Then the
PCM(ECM) runs the authentication required for confirmation of the
teaching process. The successful programming is then confirmed by a
message to the tester. If the key is already known
to the PCM(ECM) from a previous teaching, the authentication will be
accepted and the EEPROM data are updated. There is no changed
transponder content (this is impossible for a learnt transponder). The
attempt to repeatedly teach a key, which has been taught already during
the same teaching cycle, is recognized by the PCM(ECM). This rejects
the key and a message is sent to the tester. The
PCM(ECM) rejects invalid keys, which are presented for teaching. A
message is sent to the tester. The key can be invalid due to faults in
the transponder or other reasons, which result from unsuccessful
programming of data. If the PCM(ECM) detects different authenticators of
a transponder and an PCM(ECM), the key is considered to be invalid. The maximum number of taught keys is 4. If
an error occurs during the Immobilizer Service Menu, the PCM(ECM)
status remains unchanged and a specific fault code is stored. If
the PCM(ECM) status and the key status do not match for teaching of
keys, the tester procedure will be stopped and a specific fault code
will be stored at PCM(ECM). When teaching the 1st key, Smartra regists at the same time. |
(1) | PCM(ECM) learnt status.
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(2) | PCM(ECM) virgin status. After replacing new "PCM(ECM)" KDS/GDS displays that PCM(ECM) is virgin status in Key Teaching mode. "VIRGIN" status means that PCM(ECM) has not matched any PIN code before. |
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2. | User Password Teaching Procedure The
user password for limp home is taught at the service station. The owner
of the vehicle can select a number with four digits. The
user password teaching is only accepted by a "learnt" PCM(ECM). Before
first teaching of user password to an PCM(ECM), the status of the
password is "virgin" No limp home function is possible. The
teaching is started by ignition on, with a valid key(learnt key) and
sending the user password by tester. After successful teaching, the
status of the user password changes from "virgin" to "learnt" The
learnt user password can also be changed. This can be done if the user
password status is "learnt" and the tester sends authorization of
access, either the old user password or the vehicle specific data. After
correct authorization, the PCM(ECM) requests the new user password. The
status remains "learnt" and the new user password will be valid for the
next limp home mode. If wrong user passwords or
wrong vehicle specific data have been sent to the PCM(ECM) three times
continuously or intermittently, the PCM(ECM) will reject the request to
change the password for one hour. This time cannot be reduced by
disconnecting the battery or any other actions. After reconnecting the
battery, the timer starts again for one hour. (1) | User password teaching
※ In case of putting wrong password, retry from first step after 10 seconds. |
(2) | User password changing
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1. | Limp Home By Tester If
the PCM(ECM) detects the fault of the SMARTRA or transponder, the
PCM(ECM) will allow limp home function of the immobilizer. Limp home is
only possible if the user password (4 digits) has been given to the
PCM(ECM) before. This password can be selected by the vehicle owner and
is programmed at the service station. The user password can be sent to the PCM(ECM) via the special tester menu. Only
if the PCM(ECM) is in status "learnt" and the user password status is
"learnt" and the user password is correct, the PCM(ECM) will be unlocked
for a period of time (30 sec.). The engine can only be started during
this time. After the time has elapsed, engine start is not possible. If
the wrong user password is sent, the PCM(ECM) will reject the request
of limp home for one hour. Disconnecting the battery or any other action
cannot reduce this time. After connecting the battery to the PCM(ECM),
the timer starts again for one hour.
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2. | Limp Home By Ignition Key The
limp home can be activated also by the ignition key. The user password
can be input to the PCM(ECM) by a special sequence of ignition on/off. Only
if the PCM(ECM) is in status "learnt" and the user password status is
"learnt" and the user password is correct, the PCM(ECM) will be unlocked
for a period of time (30 sec.). The engine can be started
during this time. After the time has elapsed, engine start is not
possible. After a new password has been input, the timer (30 sec.) will
start again. After ignition off, the PCM(ECM) is locked if
the timer has elapsed 8 seconds. For the next start, the input of the
user password is requested again. |
Problems And Replacement Parts:
Problem
|
Part set
|
KDS/GDS required?
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All keys have been lost
| Blank key (4)
| YES
|
Antenna coil unit does not work
| Antenna coil unit
| NO
|
ECM does not work
| PCM(ECM)
| YES
|
Ignition switch does not work
| Ignition switch with Antenna coil unit
| YES
|
Unidentified vehicle specific data occurs
| Key, PCM(ECM)
| YES
|
SMARTRA unit does not work
| SMARTRA unit
| YES
|
Replacement Of ECM And Smartra
In
case of a defective ECM, the unit has to be replaced with a "virgin" or
"neutral" ECM. All keys have to be taught to the new ECM. Keys, which
are not taught to the ECM, are invalid for the new ECM (Refer to key
teaching procedure). The vehicle specific data have to be left unchanged
due to the unique programming of transponder.
In
case of a defective SMARTRA, it needs teaching the smartra. A new
SMARTRA device replaces the old one and smartra need teaching.
1. | Things to remember before a replacement (PCM(ECM))
|
2. | Things to remember before a replacement (Keys & Additional registration)
1) | When
there is only one key registered and you wish to register another key,
you need to re-register the key which was already registered. |
2) | When
the key #1 is registered and master key #2 is not registered, Put the
key #1 in the IG/ON or the start position and remove it. The engine can
be started with the unregistered key #2. (Note that key #2 must be used within 10 seconds of removing key #1) |
3) | When
the key #1 is registered and key #2 is not registered, put the
unregistered master key #2 in the IG/ON or the start position. The engine cannot be started even with the registered key #1. |
4) | When you inspect the immobilizer system, refer to the above paragraphs 1, 2 and 3. Always remember the 10 seconds zone. |
5) | If the pin code & password are entered incorrectly on three consecutive inputs, the system will be locked for one hour. |
6) | Be cautious not to overlap the transponder areas. |
7) | Problems can occur at key registration or vehicle starting if the transponders should overlap. |
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Neutralizing Of ECM
The PCM(ECM) can be set to the "neutral" status by a tester.
A
valid ignition key is inserted and after ignition on is recorded, the
PCM(ECM) requests the vehicle specific data from the tester. The
communication messages are described at "Neutral Mode" After
successfully receiving the data, the PCM(ECM) is neutralized.
The ECM remains locked. Neither the limp home mode nor the "twice ignition on" function, is accepted by the PCM(ECM).
The
teaching of keys follows the procedure described for the virgin
PCM(ECM). The vehicle specific data have to be unchanged due to the
unique programming of the transponder. If data should be changed, new
keys with a virgin transponder are requested.
This function is for neutralizing the PCM(ECM) and Key. Ex) when lost key, Neutralize the PCM(ECM) then teach keys.
(Refer
to the Things to do when Key & PIN Code the PCM(ECM) can be set to
the "neutral" status by a scanner. If wrong vehicle specific data have
been sent to SMATRA three times continuously or intermittently, the
SMATRA will reject the request to enter neutral mode for one hour.
Disconnecting the battery or other manipulation cannot reduce this time.
After connecting the battery the timer starts again for one hour.
•
| Neutralizing setting condition |
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| In case of PCM(ECM) status "Learnt" regardless of user password "Virgin or Learnt" |
–
| Input correct PIN code by scanner. |
–
| Neutralizing meaning . : PIN code (6) & user password (4) deletion. : Locking of ECM (except key teaching permission) |
|
–
| PIN Code(6) & User P/Word(4) deletion |
–
| Locking of EMS(except Key Learning permission) |
|
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Neutralizing Of SMARTRA
The EMS can be set to the status "neutral" by tester
Ignition
key (regardless of key status) is inserted and after IGN ON. If
receiving the correct vehicle password from GST, SMARTRA can be
neutralized. The neutralization of SMARTRA is possible if DPN is same as
the value inputted by GST.
In case that the SMARTRA status is neutral, the EMS keeps the lock state. And the start is not possible by "twice ignition".
In
case of changing the vehicle password, new virgin transponder must be
only used. And in case of virgin key, after Learning the key of vehicle
password, it can be used.
If
wrong vehicle specific data have been sent to SMATRA three times
continuously or intermittently, the SMATRA will reject the request to
enter neutral mode for one hour. Disconnecting the battery or other
manipulation cannot reduce this time. After connecting the battery the
timer starts again for one hour.
•
| Neutralizing Setting condition : |
–
| In case of "SMARTRA status", "Learned" |
–
| Input correct Pin code by tester |
|
–
| Vehicle password(DPN Code) & SEK Code deletion. |
–
| Permission of New DPN Learning. |
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Repair procedures
Inspection
1.Disconnect the key warning switch connector (A) and ignition switch connector (B) from the steering column.
2.Check for continuity between the terminals.
3 ...
Repair procedures
Removal
1.Disconnect the negative (-) battery terminal.
2.Remove the main crash pad assembly.
(Refer to Body - "Main Crash Pad Assembly")
3.Disconnect the c ...
Other information:
Flow diagram
Flow Diagram
Repair procedures
Engine Oil And Filter Replacement
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visibility when visibility is poor due to
fog, rain or snow, etc. The fog lights
will turn on when the fog light switch
(1) is turned on after the parklight is
turned on.
To turn off the fog lights, turn the fog
light switch (1) to the Off posit ...